普通肉食螨对土耳其扁谷盗的捕食研究
Predation of Cheyletus eruditus on Cryptolestes turcicus
贺培欢1, 2, 3** 任 陶1 盛林霞4 张 涛2 姚思敏1 鲁玉杰 1, 3 伍 祎 2*** 曹 阳 2, 3***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095?1353.2025.029
作者单位：1. 江苏科技大学粮食学院，镇江 212003；2. 国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院，北京 100037； 3. 河南工业大学粮食和物资储备学院，郑州 450001；4. 浙江省粮食局直属粮油储备库，杭州 310003
中文关键词：【目的】 评估普通肉食螨Cheyletus eruditus对我国储粮害虫的生物防治潜力，为发展储粮害虫生物防治技术提供理论依据。【方法】 本研究通过温湿度控制体系，采用标准化昆虫/螨类饲养方法获得土耳其扁谷盗卵、1-2龄幼虫及普通肉食螨不同发育阶段个体，在梯度温湿度条件下通过12次重复的饲育器对照实验，系统测定了普通肉食螨各螨态对土耳其扁谷盗Cryptolestes turcicus不同发育阶段
英文关键词：Cheyletus eruditus; Cryptolestes turcicus; stored grain pests; predatory function; temperature and humidity
中文摘要：
【目的】
评估普通肉食螨Cheyletus eruditus对我国储粮害虫的生物防治潜力，为发展储粮害虫生物防治技术提供理论依据。【方法】
本研究通过温湿度控制体系，采用标准化昆虫/螨类饲养方法获得土耳其扁谷盗卵、1-2龄幼虫及普通肉食螨不同发育阶段个体，在梯度温湿度条件下通过12次重复的饲育器对照实验，系统测定了普通肉食螨各螨态对土耳其扁谷盗Cryptolestes
turcicus不同发育阶段的捕食功能反应，并对捕食量-死亡率数据进行分析。【结果】 3种螨态普通肉食螨对土耳其扁谷盗卵和1龄幼虫的捕食功能大小依次是：雌成螨>后若螨>原若螨，普通肉食螨雌成螨对土耳其扁谷盗1龄幼虫的捕食功能最高，依次大于雌成螨对土耳其扁谷盗2龄幼虫和卵的捕食功能。除螨态外，普通肉食螨的捕食能力也受温湿度环境的影响，在16-28
℃、75%RH和在28 ℃、57%-93%RH范围内，普通肉食螨雌成螨对土耳其扁谷盗1龄幼虫的捕食功能反应均是HollingⅡ型。雌成螨对土耳其扁谷盗1龄幼虫的捕食功能大小与温度呈正相关；在28 ℃、57%-93%RH条件下雌成螨对着土耳其扁谷盗1龄幼虫的捕食功能与相对湿度不相关，在75%RH下的捕食功能最大。【结论】 基于HollingⅡ型功能反应模型研究显示，普通肉食螨各螨态对土耳其扁谷盗不同发育阶段的捕食效能呈密度依赖性正相关，其中雌成螨对卵的捕食优势显著，表明其具备针对储粮扁谷盗害虫的生物防治潜力，适用于抗熏蒸种群的生态调控。
英文摘要：
[Aim] To determine if the predatory mite, Cheyletus
eruditus, has the potential to act as a biological control for grain
storage pests in China. [Methods] In this study, the predation
function of each mite state of common carnivorous mites to different
developmental stages of Cryptolestes turcicus was systematically
measured through 12 replicates of feeder control experiments under gradient
temperature and humidity conditions, and the predation volume-mortality data
were analyzed. [Results] The predatory functional response of the 3
developmental stages of C. eruditus to C. turcicus, can be ranked
as follows: Adult females > deutonymphs > protonymphs. The functional
response of adult females to 1st instar larvae was higher than that to
second-instar larvae, or eggs. The functional response of adult females to 1st instar
larvae was of the Holling type Ⅱwithin a temperature range
of 16-28 ℃ and 75% RH, and at 28 ℃ at a RH of 57%-93%. The functional response of adult females to 1st instar
larvae was positively correlated with temperature. Although the functional
response of adult females to 1st instar larvae was highest at 75% RH, it was
not correlated with humidity at a temperature of 28 ℃ and RH values of 57%-93%. [Conclusion] Based on research using the HollingⅡfunctional response
model, the predation efficiency of different stages of the predatory mite C.
eruditus on different developmental stages of C. turcicus exhibits a
density - dependent positive correlation. Female adult mite show a
significant predation advantage on the eggs of C. turcicus, indicating
its potential for biological control against stored-grain pests and
applicability in ecological regulation of resistant fumigation populations.