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六种杀虫剂对草地贪夜蛾的田间防控效果比较
Comparison of field control efficacies of six insecticides against fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda
太红坤1** 郭井菲2 张 峰3 安智燕4 白树雄2 王振营2***
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DOI:10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2025.044
作者单位:1. 云南省德宏州种子管理站,芒市 678400;2. 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,植物病虫害综合治理全国重点实验室, 北京100193;3. 农业农村部-CABI生物安全联合实验室,北京100193;4. 云南省芒市植保植检站,芒市 678400
中文关键词:草地贪夜蛾;杀虫剂;降雨量;防控效果
英文关键词: Spodoptera frugiperda; insecticide; rainfall; control effect
中文摘要:目的】 为了有效防控我国亚热带边境地区草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda的发生为害,降低虫源地种群基数,减缓向国内扩散蔓延速度。【方法】 通过草地贪夜蛾幼虫存活数量减退率、玉米被害程度减退率、玉米被害株减退率和药剂持效期的变化,评估了25%乙基多杀菌素、25 g/L溴氰菊酯、240 g/L甲氧虫酰肼、200 g/L氯虫苯甲酰胺、10%四氯虫酰胺和10%溴氰虫酰胺6种德宏常用杀虫剂对草地贪夜蛾的田间防控效果。并采用相关性分析和曲线回归分析研究了降雨量与草地贪夜蛾幼虫存活数量关系。【】 25%乙基多杀菌素、200 g/L氯虫苯甲酰胺、10%溴氰虫酰胺、240 g/L甲氧虫酰肼、10%四氯虫酰胺对草地贪夜蛾均具有良好的防控效果,其玉米田间平均持效期分别为15.7、13.0、11.6、9.0和9.0 d;结合草地贪夜蛾幼虫存活数量减退率、玉米被害程度减退率、玉米被害株减退率3项指标,药后13 d,25%乙基多杀菌素、200 g/L氯虫苯甲酰胺、10%溴氰虫酰胺、10%四氯虫酰胺和240 g/L甲氧虫酰肼的综合防效显著高于25 g/L溴氰菊酯,(F=7.055, P=0.003),其值分别为79.62%、58.49%、10.39%、52.11%和30.39%,但前3种药只用药1次,后2种杀虫剂已用药2次,为此不同杀虫剂田间持效期不同,防控效果不同。在2019年5-9月期间,德宏州降雨量先增加后减少,而草地贪夜蛾种群数量则逐渐减退。经相关性分析可得草地贪夜蛾幼虫存活数量与降雨量之间相关程度显著,属于中度负相关,概率值和相关系数分别为0.044和﹣0.511。经曲线回归分析可得草地贪夜蛾存活幼虫数量与降雨量之间具有显著的曲线关系,判断系数(R2)为0.471 8,曲线模型P=0.028,方程为y=﹣105.9ln(x)+513.94。【结论】 在德宏州辖区内防控草地贪夜蛾首选推荐使用杀虫剂为25%乙基多杀菌素和200 g/L氯虫苯甲酰胺,其次为10%溴氰虫酰胺、240 g/L甲氧虫酰肼、10%四氯虫酰胺。结合降雨量,在夏玉米生育时期交替轮换使用上述推荐杀虫剂2次,可有效防控草地贪蛾的发生为害。
英文摘要:

 [Aim]  In order to effectively control the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, in the subtropical border area of China, reduce the population base of the fall armyworm in the source area and slow down its spread in China. [Methods]    The field control efficacies of six commonly used insecticides in Dehong Prefecture (25% spinetoram, 25 g/L deltamethrin, 240 g/L methoxyfenozide, 200 g/L chlorantraniliprole, 10% tetrachlorantraniliprole, 10% cyantraniliprole) against fall armyworm was comparatively evaluated through the change of survival rate of fall armyworm larvae, damage degree of maize, damage rates of maize plants and field efficacy period of insecticides. Correlation analysis and curve regression analysis were used to study the relationship between rainfall and larval survival. [Results]  25% Spinetoram, 200 g/L chlorantraniliprole, 10% cyantraniliprole, 240 g/L methoxyfenozide, and 10% tetrachlorantraniliprole had good control effects on fall armyworm, and their average field duration was 15.7, 13.0, 11.6, 9.0 and 9.0 d, respectively. In combination with the three indexes of survival rate of fall armyworm larvae, reduction rate of maize damage degree and infested maize plants, the integrated control effect of 25% spinetoram, 200 g/L chlorantraniliprole, 10% cyantraniliprole, 10% tetrachlorantraniliprole and 240 g/L methoxyfenozide was significantly higher than that of 25 g/L deltamethrin 13 days after treatment (F=7.055, P=0.003), and reached 79.62%, 58.49%, 10.39%, 52.11% and 30.39%, respectively. However, the first 3 insecticides were only used once, and the last 2 insecticides were used twice. Therefore, field persistence and control effectiveness of different insecticides was different. From May to September 2019, the rainfall in Dehong Prefecture first increased and then decreased, while the population of fall armyworm gradually decreased. The correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between larval survival and rainfall, which belonged to a moderate negative correlation. The value of probability and correlation coefficient was 0.044 and﹣0.511, respectively. According to the curve regression analysis, there was a significant curve relationship between the number of surviving fall armyworm larvae and rainfall, with the discriminant coefficient (R2) being 0.471 8, curve model P=0.028, and equation y=-105.90ln(x)+513.94. [Conclusion]  The first recommended insecticides for controlling fall armyworm in Dehong prefecture were 25% spinetoram and 200 g/L chlorantraniliprole, followed by 10% cyantraniliprole, 240 g/L methoxyfenozide and 10% tetrachlorantraniliprole. Combined with rainfall, the alternating use of the above recommended insecticides twice during summer maize growth period can effectively control the fall armyworm.

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