【目的】 探究西兰花和小麦间作田与小麦单作田节肢动物群落差异，分析西兰花作为小麦田害虫防控的功能植物可能性。【方法】 2024年4-5月利用扫网法、陷阱法和马氏网法对两种不同种植模式下的节肢动物种群进行调查。采用DNA条形码技术对获得的样本进行物种鉴定，并对群落结构参数进行分析。【结果】 共捕获昆虫25种，分属于6目，其中天敌种类12种，害虫种类13种。在西兰花-小麦间作田中，平均节肢动物个体数（539.88±16.70）头和Shannon多样性指数（2.37±0.03）显著高于小麦单作田[平均节肢动物个体数:（345.61±8.33）头，Shannon多样性指数:（1.89±0.29）]（P<0.05）。主要天敌烟蚜茧蜂Aphidius gifuensis和黑带食蚜蝇Episyrphus balteatus的数量在间作田中显著高于单作田，分别提高94.4%和151.0%（P<0.01）。【结论】 西兰花与小麦间作能显著提高田间天敌的数量和多样性，具有涵养天敌的功能。烟蚜茧蜂和黑带食蚜蝇在间作田中的种群数量显著增加，表明该间作体系有助于加强对麦蚜等害虫的生物防控效果。

 [Aim]  To investigate effect of intercropping wheat with broccoli on arthropod communities, and thereby assess the potential of broccoli as a functional plant for pest control in wheat fields. [Methods]  Sweep-netting, pitfall trapping, and Malaise trapping were used to determine the composition of arthropod communities in wheat fields that were intercropped with broccoli, and in wheat monocultures, from April to May 2024. DNA barcoding technology was used for species identification, after which community structure parameters were analyzed. [Results]  A total of 25 insect species belonging to 6 orders were captured, including 12 natural enemies of wheat pests and 13 pest species. In intercropped fields, both the number of individual arthropods (539.88±16.70) and the Shannon diversity index (2.37±0.03) were significantly higher than in wheat monocultures (345.61±8.33) and (1.89±0.29), respectively (P<0.05). Populations of Aphidius gifuensis and Episyrphus balteatus, two major natural enemies of wheat pests, were significantly higher 94.4% and 151.0%, respectively (P<0.01) in intercropped fields than in monocultures. [Conclusion]  Intercropping wheat and broccoli can significantly increase the abundance and diversity of natural enemies in wheat fields. The significantly higher abundance of A. gifuensis and E. balteatus in intercropped fields suggests that intercropping can enhance the biological control of pests, such as wheat aphids.