柚木驼蛾飞行能力测定
Determination of the flight ability of Hyblaea puera
刘云朋1** 孔德治1, 2 王子轩鑫1 赵纪成1, 3 赵同海1, 2 朱耀军4 曲良建1, 2***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2025.077
作者单位：1. 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所，国家林业和草原局森林保护学重点实验室，北京 100091； 2. 南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心，南京 210037；3. 安徽农业大学林学与园林学院，合肥 230000； 4. 广东湛江红树林湿地生态系统国家定位观测研究站，湛江 524448
中文关键词：柚木驼蛾；飞行能力；性别；日龄；补充营养；红树林
英文关键词： Hyblaea puera; flight ability; gender; age; complementary nutrition; mangroves
中文摘要：
【目的】 柚木驼蛾Hyblaea puera 原产于印度及东南亚国家，近年来在我国广西、广东等地多次暴发危害红树林中的白骨壤Avicennia
marina，对我国红树林的健康发展构成严重威胁。柚木驼蛾在寄主植物柚木Tectona grandis和红树林之间可能存在迁移扩散活动。测定和明确柚木驼蛾成虫的飞行能力，为今后深入研究其种群迁移扩散规律和科学防控提供基础。【方法】 基于飞行磨吊飞试验，测定和比较不同日龄、是否补充营养等不同处理下柚木驼蛾雌雄成虫的飞行能力。【结果】 飞行磨吊飞试验结果表明，相同日龄下柚木驼蛾雄虫飞行能力高于雌虫。雌雄成虫平均累计飞行距离均随着日龄增加呈现先增加后减少的趋势，其中2日龄补充营养后的成虫飞行能力最强，雌雄成虫24 h平均累计飞行距离分别为（22.24±8.63）和（33.44±9.44）km，平均累计飞行时间依次为（8.89±2.75）和（11.66±2.81）h，平均飞行速度分别为（2.70±0.72）和（2.88±0.56）km/h，不同日龄、不同性别的成虫平均飞行速度差异不显著（P>0.05）。补充营养的雌雄成虫平均累计飞行距离和平均累计飞行时间显著高于同性别未补充营养的成虫（P<0.05）。【结论】 柚木驼蛾成虫具有较强的飞行能力，性别、日龄以及是否补充营养均对柚木驼蛾的飞行能力有显著影响，柚木驼蛾飞行能力的差异主要体现在累计飞行时间的长短。
英文摘要：
[Aim] To clarify the
flight ability of adult Hyblaea puera, a introduced pest native to India
and Southeast Asian countries that poses a risk to Avicennia marina in
Guangxi and Guangdong, in order to better understand the potential for
the spread of this pest, and develop prevention and control strategies for it.
Recent repeated outbreaks of H. puera in China have seriously threatened
the health of mangrove ecosystems. H. puera may migrate between its host
plant, teak Tectona grandis, and mangroves. [Methods] The flight ability of different
ages of female and male adults of H. puera was measured in an insect
flight mill both with, and without, food supplementation. [Results] The flight ability of males was higher
than that of females. The average cumulative flight distance of male and female
adults first increased, then decreased, with age. The flight ability of
2-day-old adults with food supplementation was the highest. The average
cumulative flight distance of females and males was (22.24 ± 8.63) and (33.44 ±
9.44) km, respectively, the average cumulative flight duration was (8.89±2.75)
and (11.66±2.81) h, respectively, and the average cumulative flight speed was
(2.70±0.72) and (2.88±0.56) km/h, respectively. The flight ability of female
and male adults was significantly higher with, than without, supplementary food
(P<0.05). The average cumulative flight
speed of H. puera did not, however, significantly differ among treatment
groups (P>0.05). [Conclusion] Adult H. puera have strong flying
ability, which is significantly affected by gender, age and food availability,
all of which mainly affect the cumulative flight time.