朝鲜弯叶毛瓢虫对桧柏臀纹粉蚧的捕食作用
The predatory functional response of Nephus (Bipunctatus) koreanus to Planococcus vovae
王宇欣1, 2** 仲 丽2 仇兰芬2 车少臣2 李 广2 夏 菲2 魏建荣1***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2025.097
作者单位：1. 河北大学生命科学学院，生物互作基础学科研究中心，保定 071002； 2. 北京市园林绿化科学研究院，园林绿地生态功能评价与调控技术北京市重点实验室，北京 100102
中文关键词： 朝鲜弯叶毛瓢虫；桧柏臀纹粉蚧；生物防治；捕食功能；搜寻效应；自身密度干扰反应
英文关键词：Nephus (Bipunctatus) koreanus; Planococcus vovae; biological control; predation functional; searching efficiency; self-density interference response
中文摘要：【目的】 桧柏臀纹粉蚧Planococcus vovae是近年在圆柏、龙柏等柏科植物上发现的重要害虫，朝鲜弯叶毛瓢虫Nephus (Bipunctatus) koreanus是其主要天敌昆虫。本研究旨在明确朝鲜弯叶毛瓢虫对桧柏臀纹粉蚧的捕食作用和生物防治潜能。【方法】 在人工气候条件下[（26±1）℃，相对湿度70%±5%, 光周期14L∶10D]测定朝鲜弯叶毛瓢虫2-4龄幼虫和成虫对不同虫态和龄期桧柏臀纹粉蚧的捕食功能反应、搜寻效应以及自身密度干扰反应。【结果】 朝鲜弯叶毛瓢虫2-4龄幼虫和成虫对不同虫态和龄期粉蚧的捕食量在一定范围内随着猎物密度增加而增大，均符合HollingⅡ圆盘方程；瓢虫成虫对粉蚧1-3龄若虫和成虫的捕食能力（a/Th）最强，分别为163.8、97.7、59.4和39.9头，日最大捕食量（1/Th）分别为134.9、78.1、48.8和32.0头/d；瓢虫4龄、3龄和2龄幼虫次之。朝鲜弯叶毛瓢虫2-4龄幼虫和成虫对不同虫态和龄期粉蚧的搜寻效应均随猎物密度升高而下降，且龄期越高搜寻效应越高。朝鲜弯叶毛瓢虫对桧柏臀纹粉蚧的捕食作用存在种内干扰反应，当不同虫态和龄期粉蚧密度一定时，瓢虫2-4龄幼虫和成虫对粉蚧的捕食率随自身密度升高而下降，该干扰反应符合Hassell模型方程。【结论】 朝鲜弯叶毛瓢虫对桧柏臀纹粉蚧具有较强的生物防治潜能。
英文摘要：
[Aim] Planococcus
vovae is an important insect pest found on
cypress plants such as Juniperus chinensis and Sabina chinensis in recent years. A ladybug Nephus (Bipunctatus) koreanus is its main predator. To clarify the potential of N. koreanus as a
biological control agent for P. vovae. [Methods] We measured the predatory functional
response, searching efficiency, and self-density interference response of N.
koreanus 2nd-4th instar larvae and adults against different stages and ages
of P. vovae under (26 ± 1) ℃, relative humidity
70% ± 5%, L∶D=14∶10. [Results] The predation quantities on different stages
and ages of P. vovae by N. koreanus 2nd-4th instar larvae and
adults increased within a certain range as prey density increasing, and the
predation functional responses all followed the Holling Ⅱ model. The predatory ability (a/Th) of the N. koreanus adults against the P. vovae was greater than that of the 2nd-4th instar larvae, with 163.8, 97.7, 59.4, and
39.9 individuals respectively, and the maximum daily predation
(1/Th) was 134.9, 78.1, 48.8, and 32.0 ind./day,
respectively, and followed by N. koreanus 4th instar larvae, 3rd instar
larvae, and 2nd instar larvae. The searching efficiency of N. koreanus 2nd-4th instar larvae and adults on different stages and ages of P. vovae decreased with the prey density increase, and the higher the larval age, the
higher the search effect was. The predatory effect of N. koreanus on P. vovae exhibits an intraspecific interference response. When the
density of P. vovae remains constant at different stages and ages, the
predatory rate of N. koreanus 2nd-4th instar larvae and adults on P.
vovae decreases with their own density increase. This interference response
conforms to the Hassell model equation. [Conclusion] N. koreanus has strong biological
control potential against P. vovae.