我国小麦蚜虫研究的主要进展与展望
Major progress and prospect of wheat aphid research in China
谭晓玲** 张 勇 范 佳 陈巨莲***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2025.109
作者单位：中国农业科学院植物保护研究所，植物病虫害综合治理全国重点实验室，北京 100193
中文关键词：农田生态系统；气候变化；小麦-蚜虫-天敌-共生菌互作；绿色防控
英文关键词： agroecosystem; climate change; wheat-aphid-natural enemy-endosymbiont interaction; pest green control
中文摘要：小麦是我国最主要的粮食作物，小麦蚜虫的研究与防控对于保障国家粮食安全意义重大。本文对21世纪以来的25年间我国小麦蚜虫研究进展进行了回顾与展望，从气候变化下的小麦蚜虫生物学与生态学、小麦-蚜虫-天敌-共生菌-虫传病毒的互作机制，麦蚜预测预报、小麦抗虫性利用、生态调控、物理防控、生物防治、纳米农药及RNA农药的研发应用、化学防治等关键技术，小麦蚜虫绿色防控技术体系创新等几个方面综述了我国从21世纪以来在小麦蚜虫研究方面取得的一系列进展，形成黄淮海等麦蚜区域防控技术体系创新及应用。最后，从我国小麦蚜虫防控技术手段创新及小麦产业发展需求出发，对今后麦蚜防控研究与实践进行了展望。
英文摘要：
Wheat is the most important grain crop in China. Research
on wheat aphids and their management is, therefore, of great importance to
national food security. This paper reviews major progress in research on wheat
aphids in China over the past 25 years. It summarizes the achievements made in
this field, including biological and ecological studies of wheat aphids in
regions undergoing climate change, interactions between wheat aphids and their
natural enemies and endosymbionts and vectored plant viruses, key monitoring
and control technologies, including the prediction and forecasting of wheat
aphid outbreaks, the utilization of wheat's defensive mechanisms, ecological
regulation, physical control, biological control, chemical control and developing
environmentally-friendly control technology systems; e.g. in the Huang-Huai-Hai
wheat-growing region. Finally, based on innovations in wheat aphid control
technology and the current state of the wheat industry in China, prospects for
future research and wheat aphid control in China are discussed.