蜜蜂类（膜翅目）的起源及早期演化
The origin and early evolution of bees (Hymenoptera)
谢佳颖** 高太平*** 任 东***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2025.143
作者单位：首都师范大学生命科学学院，昆虫演化与环境变迁重点实验室，北京 100048
中文关键词：蜜蜂；起源；演化；化石；生物地理；系统发育
英文关键词：bees; origin; evolution; fossils; biogeography; phylogeny
中文摘要：
蜜蜂类（Bees）隶属于膜翅目Hymenoptera细腰亚目Apocrita针尾部Aculeata，与泥蜂类昆虫共同构成了蜜蜂总科Apoidea。作为重要的传粉昆虫，蜜蜂的起源与演化从20世纪起就一直是学者们密切关注的话题。随着世界各地新的化石标本的陆续发现，以及支序系统学新方法的应用，有关蜜蜂的起源与演化的认识也在不断更新。本文从化石研究历史、起源与演化、地质时代与地理分布、系统发育关系四个方面对目前蜜蜂类的起源和早期演化研究进展进行了综述。
英文摘要：
Bees, together with apoid wasps,
constitute the family Apoidea of Aculeata, Apocrita, Hymenoptera. Due to their
importance as pollinators, the origin and evolution of bees have been a focus
of research since the last century. With the worldwide discovery of new fossils
and the application of new methods of phylogenetic analysis, our understanding
of the early origin and evolution of bees is being constantly updated. Here, we
review the history of research and the current state of knowledge on the
origin, evolution, geological age, geographical distribution, and phylogeny, of
bees.