【目的】 缺鬃突眼实蝇Pelmatops ichneumoneus和带拟突眼实蝇Pseudopelmatops angustifasciatus是实蝇科中形态奇异的珍稀类群，其飞行行为缺少研究。本文尝试对其起飞过程及飞行特征进行实验观测与分析，探讨其飞行运动学基础及头部长度不同的眼柄是否可能对其飞行模式及飞行能力等产生影响。【方法】 利用高速摄像机获取这两种实蝇起飞及前飞时的录像，进行飞行特征及飞行运动学参数的比较和分析。【结果】 缺鬃突眼实蝇和带拟突眼实蝇在起飞及随后的飞行过程中，在水平方向上均进行了近似直飞，飞行速度在起飞后逐步增大，合速度最高分别达0.48和0.46 m/s，缺鬃突眼实蝇较带拟突眼实蝇更高。缺鬃突眼实蝇较带拟突眼实蝇的偏航程度更大，缺鬃突眼实蝇起飞后稳定飞行的扑翼频率为77 Hz，带拟突眼实蝇为88 Hz。带拟突眼实蝇相对缺鬃突眼实蝇的翅膀拍动幅值更小，两个物种两侧翅膀拍动幅值的差异与身体旋转行为相关。缺鬃突眼实蝇和带拟突眼实蝇眼柄长与体长的比值与其飞行合速度、偏航角、俯仰角、扑翼周期时长和拍动幅值正相关，而与扑翼频率负相关。【结论】 本研究可为深入探讨两种外形奇特昆虫的飞行模式及进化特点等奠定一定基础，亦可为某些特殊人造微型飞行器的设计提供有益视角和参考。

 [Aim]  To investigate the flight characteristics of Pelmatops ichneumoneus and Pseudopelmatops angustifasciatus (Diptera: Tephritidae), rare stalk-eyed fruit flies with large body sizes, and determine whether variations in eye-stalk length correlate with differences in flight behavior and flight mode. [Methods]  High-speed videography was used to record and analyze the takeoff and forward flight of both species, and compare their flight characteristics and kinematic parameters. [Results]  After takeoff, both species exhibited level flight, gradually increasing speed to a maximum of 0.48 m/s (Pe. ichneumoneus) and 0.46 m/s (Ps. angustifasciatus). Pe. ichneumoneus had a higher maximum speed and greater yaw rotation during turning compared to Ps. angustifasciatus. During stable flight, wingbeat frequency reached 77 Hz in Pe. ichneumoneus and 88 Hz in Ps. angustifasciatus. Furthermore, Ps. angustifasciatus had a smaller wing stroke amplitude than Pe. ichneumoneus, potentially contributing to differences in body rotation behavior. There was a positive correlation between eye stalk-to-body size ratio and flight velocity, yaw and pitch angles, wing stroke duration, and amplitude, and a negative correlation to wingbeat frequency. [Conclusion]  These results provide insights into the biomechanics and evolution of flight in stalk-eyed fruit flies and potential inspiration for the design of micro air vehicles.