【目的】 梨小食心虫Grapholita molesta、桃小食心虫Carposina sasakii是河北省梨园中为害较重的食心虫，对梨果产量和品质造成严重损失，本研究通过性诱监测梨小食心虫和桃小食心虫成虫的种群数量，明确梨小食心虫和桃小食心虫的发生规律。【方法】 在河北省承德市、沧州市和秦皇岛市分别选取梨园为监测点，连续3年（2022-2024）利用性诱芯与三角型诱捕器配套使用监测梨小食心虫和桃小食心虫成虫种群发生数量，分析2种食心虫种群动态变化规律。【结果】 梨园中梨小食心虫数量远高于桃小食心虫发生数量，梨小食心虫越冬代成虫在3月底４月上中旬开始出现，第1个发生高峰期为4月中旬至5 月初，第2个发生高峰期为5月底至6月中旬，第3个发生高峰期在7月中下旬。不同地区不同年份年诱蛾总量差异较大，最高可达2 588头/诱捕器，最低为45头/诱捕器。桃小食心虫全年诱虫总量最高为480 头/诱捕器。【结论】 根据梨小食心虫和桃小食心虫在河北省三市的发生规律，应选择越冬代成虫高峰期之前，即4月中旬进行第1次梨小食心虫防治，6月中旬前进行第1次桃小食心虫防治。

[Aim]  To monitor the population dynamics of the major insect pests, Grapholita molesta and Carposina sasakii, in pear orchards in Hebei Province, in order to determine the frequency and population dynamics of the adults of these species. [Methods]  Monitoring was conducted in Chengde City, Cangzhou City and Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province. Sex pheromone lures and triangular traps were used to monitor the occurrence of adult G. molesta and C. sasakii over two consecutive years (2022-2024), after which the population dynamics of both species were analyzed. [Results]  G. molesta was much more abundant in pear orchards than C. sasakii. Overwintering adults began to appear at the end of March and from early to mid-April, with a first peak in abundance from mid-April to early May, a second from late May to mid-June, and a third from mid to late July. The total number of moths captured at different locations and years varied greatly, with a maximum of 2 588, and a minimum of 44, moths per trap. The highest annual trap catch of C. sasakii was 480 per trap. [Conclusion]  The results suggest that first prevention measures for G. molesta and C. sasakii should be implemented before the peak of abundance of the adult overwintering generation, i.e. in mid-April, and that the first control measures should be implemented before mid-June.