【目的】 本研究以日常生活中常见的日本弓背蚁Camponotus japonicus为研究对象，立足绿色生态防控，开展其趋色性、趋光性和趋化性（即“三趋性“）研究，以探究色、光、气味挥发物对其引诱或驱避效果，实现特定场所（如居家环境或休闲绿地等）的蚂蚁预防或驱避。【方法】 分别选用红、橙、黄、绿、青、蓝、紫7种色板和红、橙、黄、绿、蓝、紫6种灯光，开展日本弓背蚁的趋色和趋光行为试验，并选取高挥发性的月桂烯、柠檬烯、芳樟醇、香叶醇4种萜类、乙酸肉桂酯和反式肉桂醛2种脂类，以及弱挥发性的油酸和亚油酸2种不饱和脂肪用于开展日本弓背蚁趋化行为试验。【结果】 日本弓背蚁工蚁对不同色板（灯光）的相对选择率之间存在显著差异（P<0.01）。与对照相比，日本弓背蚁工蚁对橙色、绿色和红色的选择反应率分别为69.91%、69.66%和67.70%（表现为明显的吸引性），而对青色的选择反应率仅为39.71%（表现为明显的趋避性）；对红、橙、黄、绿和蓝光的选择反应率为60.10%-67.20%（其中，对红光的吸引性最强），而对紫光的选择反应率仅为22.13%（表现为明显的趋避性）。此外，日本弓背蚁工蚁对3个浓度（即0.1%、1%和10%）的4种萜烯类和2种醛酯类挥发物及2种不饱和脂肪酸均表现显著的负趋性（选择反应率≤27.19%；P<0.001）；其中，10%芳樟醇的驱避效果最好，0.1%反式肉桂醛的趋避效果次之，其相对选择率分别为﹣78.53%和﹣74.44%。【结论】  日常生活中，白天可使用红、橙和绿色色板（色带）诱集或使用青色色板（色带）驱避日本弓背蚁，夜晚可使用红光、橙光、黄光、绿光和蓝光进行诱集或使用紫光驱避日本弓背蚁；此外，还可使用10%芳樟醇和0.1%反式肉桂醛驱避日本弓背蚁。最终，利用蚂蚁“三趋性”可实现对日本弓背蚁的绿色防控。

 [Aim]  To investigate the phototaxis, chromotaxis and chemotaxis in the ant Camponotus japonicus to determine if it is possible to use color, light and odor to repel or exclude this insect pest from some specific places (e.g. the home environment and parks). [Methods]  The chromotaxis and phototaxis of C. japonicus were evaluated in response to seven color plates (red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue and purple) and six colored lights (red, orange, yellow, green, blue and purple). And the chemotaxis of C. japonicus was also tested in response to eight volatile substances, including four types of highly volatile terpenoids (laurel, limonene, linalool and geranyllol), two types of volatile lipids (cinnamyl acetate and trans-Cinnamaldehyde). and two types of weakly volatile unsaturated fatty acids (i.e., oleic acid and linoleic acid). [Results]  There were significant differences in the phototaxis of C. japonicus toward different color plates or lights (P<0.01). The preference of C. japonicus for orange, green and red was 69.91%, 69.66% and 67.70%, respectively (indicating obvious attraction), whereas that for cyan was just 39.71% (indicating obvious repellent). Moreover, the chromotaxis of C. japonicus toward red, orange, yellow, green and blue was 60.10%-67.20% (the strongest attraction to red light.), whereas its chromotaxis toward purple was just 22.13% (indicating obvious repellent). Furthermore, there was significant negative chemotaxis for C. japonicus to four terpenes, two lipids and two acids at three concentrations (0.1%, 1% and 10%) with the chemotaxis rates ≤27.19% (P<0.001). And the most repellent was 10% linalool, followed by 0.1% trans-Cinnamaldehyde, with the chemotaxis rates of -78.53% and -74.44%, respectively. [Conclusion]  During the hours of daylight, color plates (or belts) of red, orange and green can attract C. japonicus, whereas cyan plates (or belts) can repel this species of insect pest. After dark, red, orange, yellow, green and blue lights are attractive to C. japonicus, whereas purple light is repellent. Solutions of 10% linalool and 0.1% trans-Cinnamaldehyde can also be used to repel C. japonicus during both day and night.