【目的】 筛选对黄粉虫Tenebrio molitor幼虫有行为调控活性的调味料种类，为黄粉虫饲养或防除提供科学依据。【方法】 采用Y形嗅觉仪测试了黄粉虫幼虫对12种调味料的嗅觉选择反应，对八角Illicium verum粗提物进行GC-MS分析，用八角主成分制备了3个配方进行生物测定，并测试了黄粉虫幼虫对反式茴香脑的剂量反应。【结果】 12种材料的提取物中，唯有八角提取物对黄粉虫幼虫具有显著引诱活性（P=0.005 3），该提取物测试时，选择处理、对照以及不反应的虫数分别为30、3和7头。八角提取物的主要成分是反式茴香脑（65.46%）、芳樟醇（7.00%）、(E)-b-石竹烯（4.58%）和(Z,E)-a-法尼烯（4.48%）。经过配方测试发现，反式茴香脑单独可以解释八角挥发物对黄粉虫幼虫的引诱活性。然而，黄粉虫幼虫对反式茴香脑的行为学剂量反应测试发现，该物质在0-5 mL的剂量范围内，存在“低剂量引诱、高剂量驱避”的特征。【结论】 低剂量反式茴香脑可作为饲料添加剂，用于改善黄粉虫人工饲料的嗅感特征。

[Aim]  To determine the attractiveness of the volatile compounds of different spices to Tenebrio molitor larvae, thereby providing a scientific basis for the rearing or control of this pest. [Methods]  Olfactory responses of larvae to 12 spices were tested in a Y-tube olfactometer. Crude extract of Illicium verum (star anise) was analyzed by GC-MS, and three blends based on its primary components were tested. The dose-response curves of trans-Anethole were quantified. [Results]  Among the 12 spice extracts tested, only star anise extract was significantly attractive; 30 larvae preferred it to the control, 3 preferred the control and 7 had no obvious preference (P = 0.005 3). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis identified trans-Anethole (65.46%), linalool (7.00%), (E)-β-caryophyllene (4.58%), and (Z,E)-α-farnesene (4.48%), as the major components of the star anise extract. Of the three volatile blends tested, only trans-Anethole was as attractive to larvae as natural star anise extract. Dose-response assays revealed that within a range of doses from 0 to 5 mL, trans-Anethole was attractive to larvae at low doses and repellent at high doses. [Conclusion]  Low-dose trans-Anethole may be used as a feed additive to improve the olfactory characteristics of diets for T. molitor larvae.