【目的】 豆天蛾幼虫Clanis bilineata tsingtauica（“豆丹”）是重要的可食用昆虫，在生长过程中，其体内营养成分受多种因素的调控，其中生境生物多样性条件为不可回避的影响因素之一。本研究分析不同养殖生境下昆虫多样性与豆丹体内营养组分含量变化的相关性，以期通过改善养殖模式，提升豆丹营养品质。【方法】 通过马氏网法调查两种养殖方式（网棚养殖和露天养殖）下大豆田内昆虫多样性，测定豆丹体内蛋白质、氨基酸及脂肪酸含量，分析两种养殖方式下豆丹体内营养组分对大豆田内昆虫群落多样性的响应。【结果】 露天养殖方式下大豆田内昆虫数量明显高于网棚养殖（P < 0.05）。露天养殖豆田内共计捕获11 068头，分别隶属9目39科；网棚养殖豆田内共计捕获昆虫6 805头，分别隶属8目28科。α多样性分析结果表明，露天养殖法大豆田Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数均显著高于网棚养殖法（P<0.001）。营养组分含量分析结果显示，露天养殖豆丹体内蛋白质、5种氨基酸（丝氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、组氨酸和色氨酸）、2种脂肪酸（十五碳酸和棕榈酸）含量明显高于网棚养殖（P < 0.05）。相关性分析结果显示，Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数与豆丹体内蛋白质、5种差异氨基酸、2种差异脂肪酸均呈正相关。【结论】 两种养殖方式下，露天养殖豆丹营养品质高于网棚养殖，推测可能是由于露天养殖大豆田内昆虫多样性更丰富，增强了豆丹竞争取食与食物吸收利用率。本研究为豆丹营养物质开发与利用提供了理论支撑。

[Aim]  To investigate the effect of habitat biodiversity on the nutritional quality of Clanis bilineata tsingtauica, an important edible insect. [Methods]  The correlation between insect community diversity and the nutrient composition of C. b. tsingtauica living under different aquaculture regimes was analyzed. Malaise traps were used to investigate insect biodiversity in soybean fields under net-shed and open-field cultivation methods and the concentrations of amino acids, proteins, and fatty acids in C. b. tsingtauica larvae living under these two different soybean cultivation methods was measured and compared. [Results]  Insect species diversity was significantly higher in open-fields than in net sheds (P<0.05); a total of 11 068 specimens belonging to 9 orders and 39 families were captured in the open-fields, compared to 6 805 specimens (8 orders and 28 families) in net-sheds. An α diversity analysis indicates that both the Shannon-Wiener diversity and Margalef richness indices of open fields were significantly higher than those of net sheds (P<0.001). The amount of protein, five amino acids (serine, glycine, alanine, histidine and tryptophan) and two fatty acids (pentadecanoic acid and palmitic acid) in C. b. tsingtauica were significantly higher in specimens from open-fields than those from net sheds (P<0.05). Both the Shannon-Wiener diversity and Margalef richness indices, were positively correlated with the abundance of proteins, five differential amino acids and two differential fatty acids in C. b. tsingtauica. [Conclusion]  The nutritional quality of C. b. tsingtauica from open-field soybean crops was higher than that of those from net sheds, which may reflect the richer insect diversity of open-field soybean crops. These results provide a basis for the improving the nutritional value of C. b. tsingtauica.