[Aim]  To compare the growth, development and reproduction of the cucumber moth, Dianphania india, an important pest of cucurbitaceous plants, on seven, different, cucurbitaceous plants (cucumber, pumpkin, watermelon, bitter gourd, melon, sponge gourd and winter melon). [Methods]  Larval feeding and adult oviposition preferences for each of the seven cucurbitaceous plants were determined using the covering method and the leaf dish methods, respectively and the effects of feeding on different plants on the growth, development and reproduction were measured and compared. [Results]  After 6 and 12 hours, the number of 2nd instar larvae was highest on pumpkin [6 h: (5.60 ± 3.85) ind.; 12 h: (7.20 ± 2.39) ind.], followed by cucumber [6 h: (5.20 ± 0.80) ind.; 12 h: (3.40 ± 0.51) ind.], and lowest on winter melon [6 h: (0.40 ± 0.40 ind.; 12 h: (1.20 ± 0.37) ind.]. After 6 h, the number of 4th instar larvae was highest on pumpkin [(5.0 ± 1.0) ind.], but there was no significant difference in the number of larvae on pumpkin [(4.8 ± 0.58) ind.] and cucumber [(4.8 ± 0.37) ind.] after 12 h , which was significantly higher than that on other hosts (P<0.05). Adults laid the most eggs [(325.5 ± 28.51) grains] on cucumber, and the least [(92.67 ± 24.58) grains] on winter melon. The duration of the entire larval stage on different hosts can be ranked as follows: Winter melon > watermelon > melon > bitter gourd > sponge gourd > pumpkin > cucumber. Pupae of larvae that had fed on cucumbers and pumpkins were the longest [(1.20 ± 0.045) cm, (1.20 ± 0.011) cm, respectively), whereas those of larvae that had fed on melon and cucumber were the heaviest[ (0.054 ± 0.003 2) g]. The effect of host plant on the duration of the pupal period can be ranked as follows: Bitter gourd > melon > watermelon > winter melon > sponge gourd = pumpkin > cucumber. The duration of the adult preoviposition period on different host plants can be ranked as follows: Melon > watermelon > bitter gourd = winter melon > sponge gourd > pumpkin > cucumber. Female moths that had fed on cucumber laid significantly (P < 0.001) more eggs [(340.00 ± 28.51) grains], than those that fed on the other plants. Moreover, both male and female moths that had on cucumbers had the longest life span [(25.4 ± 0.54) and (24.3 ± 0.54) d]. [Conclusion]  Although cucumber moths can grow, pupate and oviposit normally on each of the seven cucurbitaceous plants tested, cucumber is the most suitable host plant for this species. Although larvae have an initial preference for pumpkin, females prefer to lay eggs on cucumber leaves.