白星花金龟幼虫转化空心莲子草的条件优化及其效果评价
Factors affecting the optimal consumption and digestion of Alternanthera philoxeroides by Protaetia brevitarsis larvae
李龙1** 童超1 曾瑶瑶1 陈申芝2 曹成全1*** 叶保华3
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2026.090
作者单位：1. 乐山师范学院生命科学学院，乐山 614004；2. 乐山师范学院继续教育学院，乐山 614004；3. 山东农业大学植物保护学院，泰安 271018
中文关键词：白星花金龟；空心莲子草；转化处理；环保昆虫；入侵物种
英文关键词：Protaetia brevitarsis; Alternanthera philoxeroides; transformation treatment; environmental insects; invasive species
中文摘要：【目的】探索入侵植物空心莲子草Alternanthera philoxeroides的资源化利用途径，本研究以空心莲子草为原料，在不同优化条件下制备白星花金龟Protaetia brevitarsis幼虫的饲料，系统评价白星花金龟幼虫对空心莲子草的转化效率及其虫体营养组成和虫砂肥用潜力。【方法】通过设置不同酵化时间（0-40 d）和含水量（35%-85%）的饲料梯度，测定白星花金龟幼虫的取食量、增重量、虫砂产量及转化率，分析取食最佳条件饲料后的幼虫虫体营养成分，并通过盆栽试验评估虫砂对香菜生长的影响。【结果】白星花金龟幼虫对酵化20 d、含水量55%的空心莲子草转化效果最佳；幼虫虫体粗蛋白含量达48.1%，必需氨基酸指数（EAAI）为77.77，属优质蛋白；虫砂有机质含量为29.81%，K2O达4.48%，施用后可显著（P < 0.05）提高香菜的出苗率、株高、根长及生物量。【结论】白星花金龟幼虫可高效转化空心莲子草，虫体可作为高蛋白资源，虫砂可作为优质生物有机肥，本研究为入侵植物资源化利用提供了创新的生物技术途径。
英文摘要：[Aim] To identify conditions that optimize the conversion of the invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides into protein and high-quality fertilizer (frass) by Protaetia brevitarsis larvae. [Methods] Larvae were randomly assigned to different treatment groups with different feed gradients, fermentation durations (0-40 days) and water content (35%-85%). The amount of plant matter consumed, larval weight gain, the yield and transformation rate of frass and the nutritional components of the larvae reared were measured and compared and the effect of frass on coriander growth was assessed through controlled experiments. [Results] Larvae achieved the most effective conversion of A. philoxeroides after 20 days of fermentation with a moisture content of 55%. Larvae kept under these conditions contained 48.1% crude protein with an essential amino acid index (EAAI) of 77.77, indicating high protein quality. Their frass comprised 29.81% organic matter and 4.48% K2O, and significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced coriander seedling emergence rate, plant height, root length, and biomass accumulation. [Conclusion] P. brevitarsis larvae can efficiently convert A. philoxeroides into high-quality protein, while producing frass that is a valuable bio-organic fertilizer. This study presents an innovative biotechnological approach for the utilization of an invasive plant.