性诱监测绿盲蝽种群动态及作物秸秆产卵诱集研究
Monitoring population dynamics of Apolygus lucorum by sex pheromone trapping and research in oviposition trap using crop straw
陶少杰1** 赵伟1 赵龙龙2*** 相会明1 马瑞燕1
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2026.091
作者单位：1. 山西农业大学植物保护学院，晋中 030801；2. 山西农业大学果树研究所，晋中 030815
中文关键词：绿盲蝽；产卵选择；枣树；物理防治；高粱秸秆
英文关键词：Apolygus lucorum; oviposition choice; jujube tree; physical control; sorghum straw
中文摘要：【目的】明确农作物废弃物秸秆作为产卵诱集物对枣树末代绿盲蝽Apolygus lucorum的诱集作用，为枣果采收期的绿色防控提供借鉴。【方法】以高粱秸秆和黄花菜秸秆作为绿盲蝽产卵诱集物，评估了诱集物颜色、材质及直径对产卵的影响。【结果】枣园绿盲蝽年发生4-5代，枣成熟期为末代成虫发生峰期；以高粱秸秆为材质制成的产卵诱集物带卵率为100.00%，黄花菜秸秆为98.33%，均显著高于处理区对照72.77%（有产卵诱集物区）和无诱集物对照区（83.78%）的自然剪锯口（P < 0.05）；不同颜色诱集物产卵量从高到低依次为：红色（115.00粒）> 绿色（109.44粒）> 浅绿色（95.22粒）> 紫色（87.88粒）> 黑色（86.67粒）> 黄色（69.57粒）> 橙色（61.63粒）> 卡其色（59.75粒）> 深蓝色（51.20粒）> 浅蓝色（47.78粒）> 银色（39.67粒）（P > 0.05）；绿盲蝽倾向于在诱集物的外围产卵，外围平均产卵量为46.38粒，显著高于中心部位10.00粒（P < 0.05），两端产卵量无显著差异（P > 0.05）；单根秸秆的中心部位平均产卵量为45.00粒，显著高于外侧的9.12粒（P < 0.05）；材质是影响产卵的主要因素，材质与颜色、材质与直径无交互影响作用。【结论】以红色高粱秸秆诱集物作为枣园末代绿盲蝽产卵防控的关键措施之一，有效降低其越冬卵量，以减少翌年虫口基数。
英文摘要：[Aim] To assess the effectiveness of using crop straw waste as "oviposition traps" for the last generation of Apolygus lucorum in jujube orchards, to provide a theoretical basis and technical reference for the environmentally-friendly control of A. lucorum during the jujube harvest period. [Methods] Sorghum straw and daylily straw were provided as oviposition traps for A. lucorum, and the effects of substrate color, material and diameter, on oviposition were evaluated. [Results] A. lucorum developed 4-5 generations annually in the jujube orchard, and the peak of the last-generation adults coincides with the jujube ripening period. Oviposition rates on sorghum straw and daylily straw were 100.00% and 98.33%, respectively. Oviposition rates of these two straw-based substrates were significantly higher than those on jujube tree pruning cuts in jujube orchards with pheromone traps (72.77%) and in jujube orchards without traps (83.78%) (P < 0.05). The relative abundance of eggs laid on different colored straw waste can be ranked, in descending order, as follows: Red (115.00) > green (109.44) > light green (95.22) > purple (87.88) > black (86.67) > yellow (69.57) > orange (61.63) > khaki (59.75) > dark blue (51.20) > light blue (47.78) > silver (39.67). There were no significant differences among these color treatments (P > 0.05). A. lucorum preferred to lay eggs on the periphery part of straw waste, where the average number of eggs was 46.38, significantly higher than the 10.00 eggs in the central part (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the two parts of each waste pile. Conversely, the average number of eggs in the center of individual straws (45.00), was significantly higher than on the extremities (9.12) (P < 0.05). The composition of straw waste was the main factor affecting the oviposition rate of the last generation of A. lucorum, and there was no interaction between the material and color, or between the material and diameter, of the waste. [Conclusion] Sorghum straw bound with red tape was an attractive oviposition trap for the last generation of A. lucorum in jujube orchards. Providing kind of straw waste can control overwintering eggs, thereby reducing the initial pest population the following year.