基于相对扭曲分析的十八种夜蛾（鳞翅目：夜蛾总科）前翅形态分析
Morphological analysis of the forewings of eighteen species of noctuids (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea) based on relative warp analysis
蔡小娜1** 安凤娇1 韩祝华1 周洲2 潘鹏亮2***
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2026.092
作者单位：1. 河北金融学院统计与数据科学学院，保定 071000；2. 信阳农林学院农学院，信阳 464000
中文关键词：夜蛾；蛾翅；相对扭曲分析；几何形态
英文关键词：noctuid; moth wings; relative warp analysis; geometric morphology
中文摘要：【目的】以18种夜蛾昆虫为研究对象，利用相对扭曲分析对成虫前翅的几何形态特征进行研究，并利用相对扭曲矩阵对其数字化分类进行探索。【方法】首先，利用普氏叠加分析消除非形状因素的影响，进而得到每种夜蛾地标点的分布图；接着，采用单因素方差分析验证地标点数据的差异性；然后，利用相对扭曲分析对蛾翅进行几何形态分析，同时得到相对扭曲矩阵作为夜蛾昆虫分类识别的参数；再利用主成分分析对蛾翅形态差异性进行分析；最后采用判别分析构建分类函数，并对测试样本进行识别。【结果】普氏叠加分析直观展示了每种夜蛾普氏叠加后的地标点分布情况；相对扭曲分析实现了夜蛾种间差异的可视化，通过扭曲图可看出18种夜蛾蛾翅形态的差异，同时分析出同种夜蛾的肘脉Cu1、Cu2和臀脉2A与翅外缘交叉点在纵向上存在细微差别；测试样本的判别结果正确率为91.11%。【结论】相对扭曲分析不仅可以有效揭示夜蛾前翅形态的差异性和相似性，而且能够作为数字化分类的参数指标，为昆虫自动化分类提供更丰富的特征依据。
英文摘要：[Aim] To evaluate the potential for the digital classification of 18 species of noctuid moths based on geometric, morphological characteristics of their forewings. [Methods] Initially, Procrustes superimposition analysis was employed to eliminate the influence of non-shape factors, thereby obtaining distribution maps of landmark points for each species of noctuid. Subsequently, one-way ANOVA was used to verify the variability of the landmark point data. Relative twist analysis was then used to analyze the geometric morphology of the moth wings, and relative twist matrices were obtained as parameters for the identification and classification of each species. Principal component analysis was utilized to analyze morphological differences among moth wings. Finally, discriminant analysis was employed to construct a classification function and identify test samples. [Results] Procrustes superimposition analysis visually demonstrated the distribution of landmark points after superimposition for each species of noctuid. Relative twist analysis facilitated the visualization of interspecific differences among species. The twist plots revealed subtle differences in the wing morphology of the 18 noctuid species, and revealed longitudinal differences in the intersection points of the elbow veins Cu1, Cu2, and the hind vein 2A, with the outer edge of the wing among the same species. The accuracy of the discriminant results for the test samples was 91.11%. [Conclusion] Relative twist analysis not only effectively revealed differences and similarities in the forewing morphology of noctuid moths, but also serves as a parameter indicator for digital classification, providing a richer basis for automated insect classification.