我国主要类型昆虫对CO2升高响应的研究进展
Research advance on the response of insects to elevated CO2 in China
戈峰1**,陈法军2,吴刚3,孙玉诚1
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DOI：
作者单位：.中国科学院动物研究所，农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室北京100101；2.南京农业大学植物保护学院南京210095；3.华中农业大学植物科学技术学院武汉430070
中文关键词：大气CO2浓度，棉铃虫， 蚜虫，天敌，响应
英文关键词：atmospheric CO2 concentration, Helicoverpa armigera, Aphis gosypii, natural enimies, impacts
中文摘要：
大气CO2浓度增加已经受到国内外的极大关注。自2002年以来，在自行设计、组装的一系列密闭式动态CO2气室和开顶式CO2浓度控制箱基础上，研究了我国主要类型昆虫对CO2浓度升高响应的特征。结果显示，大气CO2浓度升高降低了棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera的适合度和对棉花的危害作用，增加了棉花对棉铃虫为害的补偿作用，使以咀嚼式口器昆虫为代表的棉铃虫种群发生与危害下降；但大气CO2浓度升高改变了植物组织营养物质的组成与含量，提高了蚜虫Aphis gosypii对氨基酸营养的利用与补偿效率，降低了3种麦蚜的种间竞争，导致蚜虫种群发生与危害严重；而对烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci的种群特征影响较少。大气CO2浓度升高对天敌昆虫的影响存在种的特异性，表现出种群上升、下降和变化不大等特征。未来大气CO2浓度升高下，由于作物生长发育加快，生物量增加，蚜虫种群增多，导致吡虫啉农药防治效果下降，由此未来大气CO2浓度升高下农民将被迫使用更多的化学农药防治蚜虫类害虫，进而加重环境污染。
英文摘要： Increasing concentrations of atmospheric CO2 are predicted to impact both current and future ecosystems, which have been greatly concerned by scientists. Elevated CO2 has a cascading effect on plant and in turn influences the insect and its parasitoid through food chain. In this overview, we reviewed the progress of research on the response of insects (cotton bollworm/ aphids /whitefly and their parasitoids) to elevated CO2 in China. When consuming plants grown under elevated CO2, the fitness of cotton bollworm as leafchewer was decreased because of reduced fecundity, survivorship and developmental rates. However, the abundance of aphid as phloem sap-sucker has been found to respond positively to elevated CO 2 but no significant effect on whitefly population. The performance of predators and parasitoids to elevated CO2 are speciesspecific. Predators and parasitoids may also increase or may be unaffected under elevated CO2. We predicted that more chemical pesticide would be used to control the aphids since more aphid abundance and the control effect decreased of pesticides under elevated CO2.